what do i need to run a dot matrix printer?

Sample output from a dot matrix printer

Dot matrix printing,^[i] sometimes called impact matrix printing, is a computer printing process in which ink is applied to a surface using a relatively low-resolution dot matrix for layout. Dot matrix printers typically use a impress head that moves back and forth or in an upwardly-and-down motion on the page and prints by impact, hit an ink-soaked cloth ribbon against the paper, much similar the print machinery on a typewriter or line printer. However, a dot matrix printer is able to print arbitrary patterns and not just specific characters.

The perceived quality of dot matrix printers depends on the vertical and horizontal resolution and the ability of the printer to overlap side by side dots. 9-pin and 24-pivot are common; this specifies the number of pins in a specific vertically aligned space. With 24-pivot printers, the horizontal movement can slightly overlap dots, producing visually superior output (about letter quality or NLQ), usually at the cost of speed.

Dot matrix printing is typically distinguished from non-impact methods, such every bit inkjet, thermal, or laser printing, though they as well may apply a bitmap to represent the printed piece of work. It is also able to employ endless press using continuous paper fanfolded with perforations for each page to be easily torn from each other.

History [edit]

In 1925, Rudolf Hell invented the Hellschreiber, an early on facsimile-similar dot matrix-based teletypewriter device,^[2] patented in 1929.

Between 1952 and 1954 Fritz Karl Preikschat filed five patent applications^{[3] [4] [v]} for his teletype writer vii stylus 35 dot matrix aka PKT printer,^[2] a dot matrix teletypewriter built betwixt 1954 and 1956 in Germany.^[v] Like the earlier Hellschreiber, it all the same used electromechanical means of coding and decoding, but it used a start-cease method (asynchronous transmission) rather than synchronous manual for advice.^[2] In 1956, while he was employed at Telefonbau und Normalzeit GmbH (TuN, afterwards called Tenovis), the device was introduced to the Deutsche Bundespost (German Mail service Office), which did not show interest. When Preikschat emigrated into the United states of america in 1957 he sold the rights to utilize the applications in whatsoever countries (except for the USA) to TuN.^[five] The image was also shown to General Mills in 1957.^[half-dozen] An improved transistorized design^[2] became the footing for a portable dot matrix facsimile car, which was prototyped and evaluated for military use by Boeing around 1966–1967.^{[7] [8]}

An Epson MX-80, a classic model that remained in employ for many years

IBM marketed its first dot matrix printer in 1957, the same twelvemonth that the dye-sublimation printer entered the market.^{[9] [10]}

In 1968, the Japanese manufacturer OKI introduced its first series bear upon dot matrix printer (SIDM), the OKI Wiredot. The printer supported a character generator for 128 characters with a impress matrix of 7×5. It was aimed at governmental, financial, scientific and educational markets. For this achievement, OKI received an honor from the Data Processing Order of Nihon (IPSJ) in 2013.^{[eleven] [12] [13]}

In 1970 Digital Equipment Corporation (December) introduced an bear on dot matrix printer, the LA30, as did Centronics (so of Hudson, New Hampshire): the Centronics 101.^[14] The search for a reliable printer mechanism led information technology to develop a human relationship with Brother Industries, Ltd of Japan, and the sale of Centronics-badged Brother printer mechanisms equipped with a Centronics print caput and Centronics electronics. Dissimilar Digital, Centronics full-bodied on the low-end line printer marketplace with their distinctive units. In the process, they designed the parallel electrical interface that was to become standard on most printers until it began to exist replaced by the Universal Serial Bus (USB) in the belatedly 1990s. The Apple ImageWriter was a popular consumer dot matrix printer in the 1980s until the mid 1990s.

In the 1970s and 1980s, dot matrix printers were generally considered the all-time combination of expense and versatility, and until the 1990s they were by far the virtually mutual course of printer used with personal and home computers.

Design [edit]

Typical output from a dot matrix printer operating in typhoon style. This entire image represents an expanse of printer output approximately 4.v cm × 1.5 cm (1.77 in × 0.59 in) in size

Epson VP-500 Printer with its embrace removed

Dot matrix printing uses a print head that moves back-and-along, or in an upward-and-down motion, on the page and prints by bear upon, hit an ink-soaked cloth ribbon against the paper, much similar the impress mechanism on a typewriter. Yet, unlike a typewriter or daisy wheel printer, messages are drawn out of a dot matrix, and thus, varied fonts and capricious graphics tin can be produced.

Each dot is produced by a tiny metal rod, as well called a "wire" or "pin", which is driven forrad by the power of a tiny electromagnet or solenoid, either directly or through small levers (pawls).^[xv] Facing the ribbon and the newspaper is a small-scale guide plate named ribbon mask holder or protector, sometimes also called butterfly for its typical shape. It is pierced with holes to serve equally guides for the pins. The plate may be made of hard plastic or an bogus jewel such as sapphire or ruby.

The portion of the printer that contains the pin is called the print caput. When running the printer, information technology generally prints one line of text at a time. The printer head is fastened to a metal bar that ensures correct alignment, just horizontal positioning is controlled by a ring that attaches to sprockets on two wheels at each side which is then driven with an electric motor.^[xvi] This band may be made of stainless steel, phosphor statuary or beryllium copper alloys, nylon or various synthetic materials with a twisted nylon cadre to prevent stretching. Bodily position can be found out either by dead count using a stepper motor, rotary encoder attached to ane wheel or a transparent plastic band with markings that is read past an optical sensor on the printer head (common on inkjets).

Considering the printing involves mechanical pressure, dot matrix printers can create carbon copies and carbonless copies.^[17]

Although about all inkjet, thermal, and laser printers also print closely spaced dots rather than continuous lines or characters, it is non customary to telephone call them dot matrix printers.^[15]

Dot matrix printers have one of the lowest printing costs per page.

They are able to employ fanfold continuous paper with tractor holes.

Dot matrix printers create noise when the pins or typeface strike the ribbon to the newspaper,^[18] and sound-damping enclosures may have to be used in repose environments.

They tin can only print lower-resolution graphics, with limited color performance, limited quality, and lower speeds compared to non-affect printers.^{[nineteen] [twenty] [21]}

Variations [edit]

An example of a wide-wagon printer, designed for paper fourteen inches wide, shown with legal paper loaded (eight.5"×14")

Print caput of a used ix-pin printer (Star NL10)

The common serial dot matrix printers utilize a horizontally moving print head.^[22] The print head tin be thought of featuring a single vertical column of vii or more than pins approximately the summit of a character box. In reality, the pins are arranged in up to four vertically or/and horizontally slightly displaced columns in social club to increase the dot density and impress speed through interleaving without causing the pins to jam. Thereby, up to 48 pins^[23] can be used to form the characters of a line while the print head moves horizontally. The printing speed of serial dot matrix printers with moving heads varies from 30^[24] to 1550 cps.^[25]

In a considerably dissimilar configuration, so called line dot matrix printers ^[26] apply a fixed impress head well-nigh as wide equally the paper path utilizing a horizontal line of thousands of pins for printing. Sometimes two horizontally slightly displaced rows are used to improve the effective dot density through interleaving. While still line-oriented, these printers for the professional heavy-duty market effectively print a whole line at once while the paper moves forward below the print head. Line matrix printers are capable of press much more than yard cps, resulting in a throughput of up to 800 pages/hour.

A variation on the dot matrix printer was the cross hammer dot printer, patented by Seikosha in 1982.^[27] The smoothen cylindrical roller of a conventional printer was replaced by a spinning, fluted cylinder. The print caput was a simple hammer, with a vertical projecting border, operated by an electromagnet. Where the vertical edge of the hammer intersected the horizontal flute of the cylinder, compressing the paper and ribbon between them, a single dot was marked on the paper. Characters were built up of multiple dots.

Meet also [edit]

• Daisy wheel press
• Dye-sublimation printer
• IBM Proprinter
• Typeball printer
• ESC/P

References [edit]

1. ^ Peter H. Lewis (December 17, 1985). "Getting the most out of a dox matrix printer". The New York Times.
2. ^ ^{a b c d} Preikschat, Fritz Karl (2016) [1961], Working papers on dot matrix teletypewriter (PDF), archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-10-31, retrieved 2016-x-31
3. ^ DE patent 1006007, Preikschat, Fritz Karl, "Umschalteinrichtung für Fernschreiber, bei dem die Schriftzeichen in Rasterpunkte zerlegt sind", issued 1957-09-12, assigned to Telefonbau und Normalzeit G.yard.b.H.
4. ^ DE patent 1006007, Preikschat, Fritz Karl, "Umschalteinrichtung fuer Fernschreiber, bei dem die Schriftzeichen in Rasterpunkte zerlegt sind", published 1957-04-11, assigned to Preikschat, Fritz Karl
5. ^ ^{a b c} Telefonbau und Normalzeit GmbH; Preikschat, Fritz Karl (1957-05-31), Letter of TELEFONBAU and NORMALZEIT Grand.M.B.H. to Mr. Fritz Preikschat (PDF) (Contract) (in German language and English), Frankfurt am Principal, Germany, archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-10-29, retrieved 2016-ten-29
6. ^ Dot matrix teletypewriter paradigm photos for General Mills (PDF), 2016 [1957], archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-10-31, retrieved 2016-10-31
7. ^ Facsimile transponder prototype at Boeing (PDF), 2016 [1967], archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-ten-31, retrieved 2016-10-31
8. ^ Drawings of portable fax machine for Boeing (PDF), 2016 [1966], archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-10-31, retrieved 2016-10-31
9. ^ "History of Computer Printers". www.inksell.com.
10. ^ Mary Brandel (May 12, 1999). "1957: IBM introduces the offset dot-matrix printer".
11. ^ "Information Processing Applied science Heritage - Wiredot printer". Data Processing Gild of Japan (IPSJ). 2012. Archived from the original on 2016-10-31. Retrieved 2016-x-31 .
12. ^ "OKI's Wiredot Printer Receives Information Processing Engineering science Heritage Certification in Nippon". Mount Laurel, New Jersey, USA. 2013-03-xiv. Retrieved 2016-10-31 .
13. ^ "OKI Printer aus 1968 als technologisch wertvolles Erbe ausgezeichnet" (in German). 2013-03-26. Archived from the original on 2016-ten-31. Retrieved 2016-10-31 .
14. ^ Webster, Edward C. (2000). Impress Unchained: Fifty Years of Digital Press: A Saga of Invention and Enterprise. W Dover, VT: DRA of Vermont. ISBN0-9702617-0-5.
15. ^ ^{a b} "Dot Matrix vs. Inkjet". YourBusiness.AZcentral.com.
16. ^ "MX-seventy - User Manual" (PDF). epson.com.
17. ^ "touch on printer". AllBusiness.com (Barrons).
18. ^ "Panasonic KX-P2123". world wide web.atarimagazines.com.
19. ^ "Total Colour Dot Matrix Is The Art We Demand". January nineteen, 2019.
20. ^ "PC Mag". 24 November 1992.
21. ^ "PC Magazine". 13 November 1990.
22. ^ "10 Rules You Should Know To Go on Your Dot Matrix Printer Operational" (PDF). MicomData.com.
23. ^ "Dot Matrix printers". MindMachine.co.uk.
24. ^ DEC LA30
25. ^ Epson DFX-9000 https://world wide web.epson.de/products/printers/dot-matrix-printers/epson-dfx-9000#specifications Archived 2016-05-05 at the Wayback Car
26. ^ "Dot Matrix Printing is defined hither as a labelling term". Archived from the original on 2018-10-18. Retrieved 2018-x-17 .
27. ^ US 4462705, Mikio, Hayashi & Seiki, Mizutani, "Cross hammer dot printer", published 1984-07-31

External links [edit]

• Flatbed Dot Matrix Printers Archived 2021-08-27 at the Wayback Machine
• Printek
• Erwin Tomash'due south The U.S. Figurer Printer Industry

foranhapers.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dot_matrix_printing

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